![]() We see prayer requests answered all the time. Here in this Church we have a high value on prayer. Why should we pray? It’s life giving, it’s effective and it changes your future for the better. YES THEY WILL! YES THEY WILL! YES THEY WILL! He guided Israel and established the reign of King David and walked in honour and integrity all the days of his life. Samuel was one of the greatest men of God in the Old Testament. Here is a prayer that changed the world! Hannah prays for a son and his future is to be a prophet in Israel. And Elkanah knew Hannah his wife, and the Lord remembered her. 16 Do not regard your servant as a worthless woman, for all along I have been speaking out of my great anxiety and vexation.” 17 Then Eli answered, “Go in peace, and the God of Israel grant your petition that you have made to him.” 18 And she said, “Let your servant find favor in your eyes.” Then the woman went her way and ate, and her face was no longer sad.ġ9 They rose early in the morning and worshiped before the Lord then they went back to their house at Ramah. I have drunk neither wine nor strong drink, but I have been pouring out my soul before the Lord. 14 And Eli said to her, “How long will you go on being drunk? Put your wine away from you.” 15 But Hannah answered, “No, my lord, I am a woman troubled in spirit. Therefore Eli took her to be a drunken woman. 13 Hannah was speaking in her heart only her lips moved, and her voice was not heard. 11 And she vowed a vow and said, “O Lord of hosts, if you will indeed look on the affliction of your servant and remember me and not forget your servant, but will give to your servant a son, then I will give him to the Lord all the days of his life, and no razor shall touch his head.”ġ2 As she continued praying before the Lord, Eli observed her mouth. 10 She was deeply distressed and prayed to the Lord and wept bitterly. Now Eli the priest was sitting on the seat beside the doorpost of the temple of the Lord. 8 And Elkanah, her husband, said to her, “Hannah, why do you weep? And why do you not eat? And why is your heart sad? Am I not more to you than ten sons?”ĩ After they had eaten and drunk in Shiloh, Hannah rose. As often as she went up to the house of the Lord, she used to provoke her. 6 And her rival used to provoke her grievously to irritate her, because the Lord had closed her womb. 5 But to Hannah he gave a double portion, because he loved her, though the Lord had closed her womb. 4 On the day when Elkanah sacrificed, he would give portions to Peninnah his wife and to all her sons and daughters. And Peninnah had children, but Hannah had no children.ģ Now this man used to go up year by year from his city to worship and to sacrifice to the Lord of hosts at Shiloh, where the two sons of Eli, Hophni and Phinehas, were priests of the Lord. The name of the one was Hannah, and the name of the other, Peninnah. If there is one thing I want you to know from this message today it is this – You have the power to change the world through your prayer.ġ There was a certain man of Ramathaim-zophim of the hill country of Ephraim whose name was Elkanah the son of Jeroham, son of Elihu, son of Tohu, son of Zuph, an Ephrathite. So why pray? – It’s life giving, it’s effective and it changes your future for the better. Now we become His co-labourers and engaged in the work of the kingdom – to be about our Father’s business. To make His love known and to bring His kingdom to earth. Now once you have relationship, then His heart is transferred to you and you have now got His desires and His passion for this world. To be born again is to be in relationship with Him we are now sons and daughters of the most high God. How can I not converse with the one I love? It’s not at first about getting something from God but it’s all about relationship with Him. But the truth is they haven’t entered into the deep relationship that comes with knowing Jesus intimately. ![]() Some Christians may be put off prayer because they think it’s boring or they find no answers. Will He not answer our prayers when we call upon Him? We are His offspring the apple of His eye and joint heirs with Jesus. ![]() You and I are not standing afar off asking a reticent God for His favour. If you being evil know how to give good gifts to your children how much more will your heavenly Father give good things to His children. Every Christian believer has a relationship with the God of the impossible. ![]() Prayer is the power of God in your mouth. Luke 18:1 (AMP) Now Jesus was telling the disciples a parable to make the point that at all times they ought to pray and not give up and lose heart, What might have happened if I never prayed that prayer? ![]() He did come back and He made a great impact for God in our movement. I prayed for him and I asked God if He would bring him back to Brisbane to serve in our church again. One day many years ago I prayed for a young man called Ross who had decided to move back to Townsville from Brisbane. ![]()
0 Comments
![]() ![]() If you'll be changing diapers in different locations around the house, choose a portable diaper caddy that's easy to carry with you. Whether that's in a drawer or a diaper caddy, you'll want to keep everything you need at your fingertips. Or choose a book holder that displays the covers of the books so your little one can pull favorite titles easily.Īnd finally, you're going to need a place to put your diaper-changing supplies. ![]() It is a perfect solution for a child’s room, for example. It doesn’t clutter the floor and takes up little space. You can hang the hamper behind a door, in a closet, or on the wall. Heavy bookcases are hazardous, though, so make sure to anchor yours to the wall. A hanging laundry basket is a good solution if you have little space in a room. Pick something that's large and made well so it can grow and transition with your child.Ī bookcase or bookshelf is a must – especially once your baby becomes a toddler who loves hearing the same books over and over again. Rather than a large, old-school toy box, try a soft-sided box or basket that won't pinch little fingers. You're also going to want some kind of toy storage. Tiny baby socks, bows, and booties get lost easily, so finding a system to keep it all organized is essential. After you've got the closet under control, turn your attention to the dresser. Seagrass Ash Hamper & Ruffle Cotton Liner 209.0 Regular 156.0 Member. Closet dividers may seem like a silly idea, but they'll help you keep track of baby clothes by size so you don't miss your chance to use anything. Best Sellers in Nursery Hampers 1 YOUDENOVA Woven Rope Laundry Hamper Basket, 58L Tall Laundry Basket for Blanket Organizer- Clothes Hamper for Bedroom Storage, Baby Kids Nursery Hamper-Large-Brown 2,291 2 offers from 24. Nursery Canvas Hamper - Pink Star 99.0 Regular 84.0 Sale 67.0 Member. The baby laundry hamper is generously sized at 24' x 16'. Shop unique, cool products on Fy Fast shipping 28 day returns Rated 4.8 / 5 by 1000s of. Start with a nursery closet organizer to keep all those little outfits in order. SOFT NURSERY HAMPER FOR NEWBORN ITEMS AND MORE - The Parker Baby nursery laundry basket is the perfect laundry organizer for all that baby and toddler laundry. Bella Nursery Hamper - Blue / Grey by Colonial Mills. A little can go a long way when it comes to storage and organization. Figuring out how to set up your baby's nursery can feel like a lot. ![]() ![]() ![]() Easy color noise handling is achieved by averaged color sampling.Now to copy the color code click the Copy Value button. ![]() To pick a color and the color code, choose the format u wish and simply point the cursor on the desired color shade and press Alt + X. Just Color Picker is a convenient and quick tool that can be used to capture any color on your Windows PC. Support formats like HTML, HEX, Delphi Hex, Visual Basic Hex, RGB, RGB Float, HSV (HSB), HSL, Long, etc.Allows to copy the color as well as identify the color code.Now the clipboard will have to color code of the selected color. Once installed all you have to do is tap the Instant eyedropper icon on the bottom toolbar with your mouse pointer and move the pointer to the area of the color you wish to copy. Instant Eyedropper is a free tool that can identify and save any color with just a click. Resizable magnification area and can be used with any other program.Can adjust colors with the help of four advanced color mixers.Can adjust saturation, hue, reds greens, and blues.This tool allows you to pick any colors on a high-resolution monitor by simply pointing at it and grab palettes of about 16 colors at once. It is a simple tool available to all users using windows 2000 or prior versions. Get colors in Hex, RGB, HSL, HTML, CMYK formatsĬolorPic is a tool created by Iconico and comes under the Web Design subcategory.Pick an image from a clipboard, image file on a disk, or using the screen capture function.By pressing Win + Shift + S keys the desired screen image will be captured to the clipboard and then by pressing the Clipboard button on the main window of the tool, the image will be loaded and you will be able to pick any color of your choice. Microsoft Free Color Picker is a power UWP tool that can pick colors from an image file or a screen. Microsoft Free Color Picker (Windows 10 Only) So, let’s have a look at ten of the best color pickers available on Windows 10 that you can use. for your projects that like designing a website, creating a logo, editing a picture, etc.īeing able to pick the exact color shades and combinations will change the looks of whatever you are working on to a great extent. This tool helps you to choose the exact shade of colors which you might have previously seen on a website, image, etc. Bonus Tip-Color Match Video Clips on WindowsĬolor pickers allow you to identify and pick any shades of colors which otherwise you might not be able to.10 Windows Color Pickers to Pick a Color.This will help you achieve a better color combination and hence a better version of whatever project you were planning to develop. Color picker for windows allows you to pick the exact shade of color that you have seen on an image or browser and use the same for editing purposes. Color picker is a tool that can help you identify different shades of colors accurately from any picture or screen.Ī human eye can see 100 million colors but often is not able to recollect the exact shade of color they have previously seen. Whether it be creating an artwork, designing something, or simply coloring, picking up the right combination of colors adds to its aesthetics. Adding colors to anything makes it more beautiful and attractive. Being able to see different colors and enjoy their beauty is one of the greatest gifts bestowed upon mankind. ![]() ![]() ![]() Security subject context of the new object. Set this to TRUE if the newly created object is a directory object, otherwise set this to FALSE.Īutomatic inheritance flags that influence how access control entries within ACLs from security descriptors are inherited. Parameters Ī security descriptor of the parent object that is being created.Īn explicit security descriptor that is applied to a new object. Parameters Ī security descriptor to be freed from memory. STATUS_INSUFFICIENT_RESOURCES is returned if memory pool allocation for the new security descriptor with new info set has failed. STATUS_NO_SECURITY_ON_OBJECT is returned if the object does not have a security descriptor. Returns Returns STATUS_SUCCESS if the operations have been completed without problems and that new info has been set to the security descriptor. Parameters įlags bitmask inheritation, influencing how the security descriptor can be inherited and if it can be in the first place. Returns See SeSetSecurityDescriptorInfoEx. The generic mapping of access rights masks. Pool type for the new security descriptor to allocate. ![]() The returned pointer to security descriptor objects. If specified, the function will use this arbitrary object that points to an object security descriptor.Ī security descriptor where its info is to be changed. STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL is returned if the buffer size is too small to contain the queried info about the security descriptor. Returns Returns STATUS_SUCCESS if the operations have been completed successfully and that the specific information about the security descriptor has been queried. The returned length of a security descriptor. The returned security descriptor with security information data. Security information details to be queried from a security descriptor. Modifies some information data about a security descriptor. Now let’s see how to use the Klib library in Python to explore your data.Queries information details about a security descriptor.Ĭomputes the quota size of a security descriptor.Īssigns a security descriptor for a new object.Īn extended function that assigns a security descriptor for a new object.Īn extended function that sets new information data to a security descriptor. If you’ve never used it before, you can easily install it using the pip command: Hope you now understand what the Klib library in Python is and what functionality it can provide you when exploring a dataset. In the section below, I’ll show you a tutorial on the Klib library in Python to explore your data. It helps you in exploring your data in just a few lines of code. Sometimes it takes a long time to explore your dataset, this is where the Klib library in Python comes in. But to get to this point, you need to explore your data to understand the type of data you are using. understanding the correlation between the features of the dataĪfter these steps, you may need to change the way you explore your datasets depending on the type of problem you are working on and the type of results you are looking for.understand the distribution of all the features. ![]() ![]() check whether there are missing values or not.Some of the common steps used by all data scientists while exploring a dataset are: Most data scientists go through the same process while exploring the data they use to gain insight. ![]() ![]() There are two mountain gorilla populations: one located in the cloud forests and sub-alpine regions of the Virunga volcanoes, at altitudes from 2,200 up to 4,300 meters above the sea level and another, settled in the dense jungle of the Bwindi National Park.īill Weber, Amy Vedder. In the Kingdom of Gorillas: The Quest to Save Rwanda’s Mountain Gorillas. Simon and Schuster, 2012.īioExpedition Publishing © 2017.There are two species of gorilla, each containing two subspecies. The members of this subspecies inhabit mist-covered mountain forests and have a well-known habitat. Mountain Gorilla ( Gorilla beringei beringei). They spend their life in lowland old-growth forests, mountain forests, bamboo and even swampy forests, at altitudes ranging from 2,900 to 3,300 meters above the sea level. They also inhabit swampy forests, sometimes reaching an altitude up to 2,000 meters.Įastern Lowland Gorilla ( Gorilla beringei graueri). They live in sub-mountain forests at altitudes from 150 to 1,600 meters above the sea level. Every year they have a rainy and a dry season.Ĭross River Gorilla ( Gorilla gorilla diehli). They inhabit west of the Congo River, mainly in lowlands with marshy, coastal and secondary tropical forests, at altitudes of up to 1,600 meters. ![]() Western Lowland Gorilla ( Gorilla gorilla gorilla). However, each subspecies is found in particular habitats. In addition to tropical forests, gorillas can live in other types of habitat: dense old-growth forests, areas along the edges of forests with high concentrations of low vegetation, mountain and sub-mountain forests, swamp forests and savannah forests. In the lowlands, a dry season is experienced every year, therefore, many plants that store more water than conventional plants grow in the area. Tropical forests where gorillas live have a temperature of around 23-celsius degrees and rainfalls fluctuate throughout the year. Gorilla in their natural habitat.Ībundant and green vegetation is the main characteristic of the gorilla habitat. However, they rarely drink water directly from a river or lake, as they obtain it from their vegetable foods. In the Congo River Basin, there are extensive regions of green, lush and full of life jungles that harbor many water bodies, often tributaries of the river, which together allow the survival of the gorillas. In the case of gorilla species, separated by the Congo River, it is known that they thrive in the tropical and subtropical forests that run along the equatorial belt, almost by the middle of the African continent. As an example, you will never see a gorilla in the savanna although these are also in Africa.Ī habitat provides food, shelter and a place to socialize. A habitat is an area with the appropriate conditions for the development of an organism, which adapts to the temperature, humidity, food availability and several other factors in the place. ![]() ![]() Given the extent of its geographic range, and due the fact that the species are in separate regions, they have diverse habitats, located at different altitudes. ![]() Gorillas thrive in the tropical and subtropical forests that run along the equatorial belt. The areas where they live have the necessary resources to meet their needs this is the result of a long process of adaptation that allows them to survive under that specific conditions and not in other places where the weather is colder than the places where they live, or the precipitations are not enough. One species, the western gorilla, lives in a region toward the west of the continent, while the other species, the eastern gorilla, evidently lives in the east. To first point to consider is that gorillas live in Central Africa, near the equator. However, there is further information about the habitat and distribution of these hominid primates. Everyone who has seen gorillas on television or movies perhaps knows that gorillas are from Africa and live in the jungle. ![]() ![]() It is a shame that Korngold is thought of mainly as a film composer (having written the musical score for, among other films, several Errol Flynn swashbucklers and Bette Davis dramas), for he composed plenty of “serious” classical compositions as well, most significantly his sole symphony (composed in 1952). It is a mighty creation, its ominous opening grabbing the listener’s attention immediately. Erich Wolfgang Korngold: Symphony in F sharp major, op. The compositions on this list come from this period.ġ0. Beethoven helped birth the Romantic period, and the era saw its final great exponents in Sergei Rachmaninoff and Gustav Mahler. Symphonic works began to aim at expressing the deepest emotions during the so-called Romantic period, which developed in the early 1800s and ended in the mid-twentieth century. These great composers therefore do not appear on this list, despite their seemingly inexhaustible ability to generate wonderful melodies. Haydn may never have aimed to create works with this end in mind, and for Mozart it was within the dramatic structure of opera that he would attempt such feats. ![]() Their symphonies and orchestral works, however, were generally intended to entertain, to dazzle and not to plumb the depths of the soul. Joseph Haydn and Mozart were the greatest, earliest exponents of symphonic form. In addition to melody, of course, great and beautiful symphonies must display a mastery of structure and orchestration, a command of tone color and harmony, and an expertise in developing musical ideas. The great villains here at those three stooges of atonality, those emperors without clothes of the Second Viennese School: Arnold Schoenberg, Alban Berg, and Anton Webern. Melody largely went out of fashion as the twentieth century wore on, as lesser composers incapable of writing a decent tune tried to turn the concept of beauty on its head by creating new standards for composition and by mocking the masters of melody as vulgar populists. Though melody is only one component of musical composition, it is the bone on which a piece is built, “the essence of music,” as Wolfgang Mozart put it. Only pieces that have great melodies can do this. In picking my top ten, I evaluated pieces largely on their mysterious ability to touch the deepest part of the soul. All this, I suppose, is an attempt to inoculate myself against the harshest of criticism, which I will undoubtedly receive, for the attempt below to rank the ten most beautiful symphonies ever composed. ![]() Any list that seeks to rank the most beautiful works of any kind is thus going to be subjected to fierce debate. Though beauty is an absolute reality, we human beings see through a glass darkly, and the space between objective beauty and our own personal taste can be fuzzy. Here are the ten most beautiful symphonies ever composed. In addition to melody, great and beautiful classical symphonies must display a mastery of structure and orchestration, a command of tone color and harmony, and an expertise in developing musical ideas. ![]() ![]() ![]() Step 5: On your Android device, check the Always allow this computer box, then tap OK. Step 4: In the app, open the Devices menu and select ADB mode. Step 3: Connect your Android device to your Mac using a USB cable. Backup includes messages sent and received. Step 1: Download and install the app on your Mac computer.If you do not have the option to backup SMS text messages, then there are third-party apps in the Google Play Store that may be able to backup and restore your messages.You will see SMS text messages towards the bottom of the screen along with the backup information.Devices like iPhones, AirPods, Apple watches, and MACs automatically work in sync with each other. Apple wants you to use all their products, and therefore they make it very convenient to use them together. Messages stay in sync with your phones SMS inbox. Using Androids with Apple devices is always a little tricky. Request to transfer at Calendar events Messages. Send & receive SMS and MMS from your computer or tablet, using your current Android phone number. Tap the Toggle next to Back up to Google Drive or Backup by Google One to turn it on Part 1: Can you Sync an Android Phone with a Mac The answer is Yes.move text messages from android to mac computer in 1 click. Step 2: Now, choose the option of Accounts and Sync from the Settings screen. You can begin to messages transfer by tapping on the Back Up icon. Step 1: From the Home screen of your Android device, press the Menu option and then go to Settings. ![]() Now, go to the Messaging app on the source device and select the messages that you wish to transfer. To sync your instant messages (SMS) to your email account in Microsoft Exchange, follow the below given simple steps. Scroll down to the bottom of the screen, tap System Turn on the Bluetooth feature on both Android devices and pair them by confirming the passcode.For Samsung Phones tap Google and skip to step 4.Messages by Google (formerly known as Android Messages or Google Messenger).To back up text message using the Messages by Google application.The same method would be applicable to other emulators by you may need to use a different method to push your text file to emulator. (Hold down the mouse when the dialog opens, choose select all and then click the copy icon) Open the text file in the text editor I installed and copy the text to the clip board.Click the iMessage tab at the top of the Preferences window. Back to your phone, tap Scan QR code and aim your. On the screen of your Mac, you will see a unique QR code. On the Mac, access in Safari, Chrome or any other web browser you use. Open Android Messages on your smartphone. Go to Additional Tools (small > icon) and chose Push To SD Card. In the menu bar at the very top of your screen, click Messages. How to text Android from Mac using Android Messages.Whenever I need to send text to the clip board. Create a text file containing your text on you computer in the download directory of the virtual sd card directory you created before.Use Google Play Store to install a text editor of your choice.Pull from SD card, which will create a folder structure on the selected folder.Select a folder on your computer to sync with the The easiest method is to install an app that syncs text messages between your Android device and your Mac.Pros of MobiKin: Very easy to use, does exactly what it says it does with very little issues. Sync options: MobiKin allows its user to transfer call logs, contacts, SMS, photos, music, videos, apps, and documents between Android devices and Macs. Use the Additional Tools (small > icon) for the emulator and go to It does not, however, offer full Android to Mac sync.Using Visual Studio Emulator, Here's my method. ![]() ![]() ![]() In New Zealand, the song entered at number 18 on the Hot Singles Chart upon its initial release, before debuting at number 34 on the New Zealand Singles Chart several weeks later amid its popularization. The song later peaked at number three on the chart. In the Republic of Ireland, the song entered the Irish Singles Chart three weeks before and eventually rose to number nine, becoming the first top ten peak in her career. In the United Kingdom, "You Broke Me First" debuted at number 66 on the UK Singles Chart and later climbed to number five on the chart, becoming McRae's first top ten entry in Britain. McRae reacted to the acclaim from fans and critics, saying she was "super happy that other people are connecting with the song too." Commercial performance Multiple critics wrote that the song was McRae's most personal to date, with some describing it as a "hard-hitting ballad". ![]() ”You Broke Me First” received critical acclaim from critics, who praised McRae's vocal performance, the production and honest lyricism. McRae also revealed to Hollywood Life that the song is lyrically connected to its single successor, " Vicious". It's the feeling of knowing how much they meant to you, but this time not letting them back in." "This song is about someone in a relationship who couldn't care less for the other person and then 6 months later decides to crawl back. Through the song, McRae expresses that she refuses to feel sympathetic for an ex-partner. She says that writing and recording the song was a "super quick process". McRae recalls her lyric "But I don't really care how bad it hurts, cause you broke me first" being praised by songwriter Victoria Zaro and producer Blake Harnage while in the studio. Outside of Canada, "You Broke Me First" peaked within the top ten of the charts in Australia, Belgium (Flanders), Finland, Ireland, Malaysia, the Netherlands, Norway, Singapore, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. "You Broke Me First" peaked at number eight on the Canadian Hot 100. The song impacted mainstream US radio on August 4, 2020. ![]() The song is the second most streamed song released by a female artist in 2020. The song gained popularity on the video-sharing platform TikTok, where it has featured in over a million videos. It was released on April 17, 2020, through RCA Records as the lead single from her second extended play, Too Young to Be Sad (2021). " You Broke Me First" (often stylized in all lowercase) is a song by Canadian singer Tate McRae. xoxoxo tate”Īs of late January 2020, the video has 64.4 million views with 1.6 million likes.2020 single by Tate McRae "You Broke Me First" i hope u guys can connect to it like i do. it means a lot to me and is prolly one of my favorite songs i’ve written. crazy hey? i really really hope u guys like this song. fun fact this was filmed on my phone, in quarantine, taped to the front of my mom’s car, on a random rooftop. In the description of the video, McRae states: The video shows McRae singing the track on a rooftop while the lyrics are shown in the ever-changing stormy sky. The music video for “you broke me first” was released via McRae’s YouTube channel on the 17th April 2020, and was directed by McRae herself. It’s the feeling of knowing how much they meant to you, but this time not letting them back in.” “This song is about someone in a relationship who couldn’t care less for the other person and then 6 months later decides to crawl back. Speaking to Anne Rose from magazine NME, McRae spoke about the song’s meaning: The pop song became popular all around the world, becoming a favourite outside of TikTok. The track was written by songwriter Blake Harnage, Tate McRae and Victoria Zaro, with Harnage credited for production. ![]() Released in April, the song first gained success through TikTok, where millions of users featured the track in their videos. “you broke me first” is the 2020 single from 17-year-old Canadian singer Tate McRae. ![]() ![]() ![]() Shopping for meat online opens you up to a whole new world of high quality meat supply. It acts as an amazing source of both iron and zin, making it key for growth metabolism. If you’re looking to elevate your BBQ game, Black Angus beef is a great way to do it.Īngus beef is a healthy option for meat lovers too. Black Angus beef truly is the crème de la crème of burger meat. ![]() Its signature marbling means that the fat is distributed thinly and evenly, which leads to consistent flavour and juiciness. Generally speaking, Black Angus beef is a more tender cut than many other beefs. While Aberdeen Angus steak is a very popular option, Black Angus beef is seen as an elite meat product. Grass fed Angus beef contains less total fat and therefore less calories pound for pound, making it a leaner cut of meat with all the flavours intact, perfect for when you’re eating healthy. Grass fed beef allows the animal to enjoy a happier, healthier lifestyle while also packing the meat with plenty of vitamins and minerals. Grass fed Angus beef offers a more ethical meat choice for discerning shoppers, as well as a healthier option. This gives you the best of both worlds – tasty meat that supports local farmers and the environment.ĭiscover a great selection of grass fed Angus beef right here at the Dorset Meat Company and take your beef experience to the next level. As well as being delicious, our Aberdeen Angus beef is grass fed, organic and ethical. There’s a reason Aberdeen Angus beef remains one of the most popular meat products out there. ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() However, collective behavior does not always occur when Smelser’s factors do hold true. Smelser’s theory became very popular because it pointed to several factors that must hold true before social movements and other forms of collective behavior occur. A fourth condition is lack of social control collective behavior is more likely if potential participants do not expect to be arrested or otherwise hurt or punished. Although conditions in inner cities were widely perceived as unfair and even oppressive, it took this type of police behavior to ignite people to riot. In the 1960s, for example, several urban riots started when police were rumored to have unjustly arrested or beaten someone. A third condition is the existence of precipitating factors, or sudden events that ignite collective behavior. Similarly, if they decide that protest will not improve these conditions, they again will not protest. If people decide that the conditions they dislike are their own fault, they will decide not to protest. Another condition is generalized beliefs, which are people’s reasons for why conditions are so bad and their solutions to improve them. Without such structural strain, people would not have any reason to protest, and social movements do not arise. One of these conditions is structural strain, which refers to problems in society that cause people to be angry and frustrated. Smelser wrote that social movements and other collective behavior occur if and only if several conditions are present. One of the most popular and influential explanations of social movements and other forms of collective behavior is Neil Smelser’s (1963) value-added theory (also called structural-strain theory). The group violence they commit reflects these beliefs. The individuals who form this group are people who hate homosexuality and who hate gays and lesbians. If we think of a mob or at least a small group of people who commit a hate crime-for example, gay bashing-we can see an application of convergence theory. (emphasis in original)Ĭonvergence theory does not deny that people may do something in a crowd that they would not do by themselves, but it does say that what a crowd does largely reflects the individuals who compose it. It argues that like-minded people come together in, or converge on, a certain location where collective behavior can and will take place, where individuals can act out tendencies or traits they had in the first place. Says that the way people act in crowds or publics is an expression or outgrowth of who they are ordinarily. The crowd they form then reflects their beliefs and desired activities. Reflecting the adage that “birds of a feather flock together,” people who feel a certain way about a particular issue and who wish to act in a certain way tend to find and converge with similar people. Instead of the crowd affecting the individuals in it, the individuals in it affect the crowd. Once they converge in a crowd, the behavior of the crowd is a consequence of their behavior and attitude. Rather, crowd behavior reflects the behavior and attitudes of the individuals who decide to join a crowd. According to this theory, crowds do not unduly influence individuals to act in emotional and even violent ways. In short, contagion theory argues that collective behavior is irrational and results from the contagious influence of the crowds in which individuals find themselves.Ĭonvergence theory is one of the theories that presented this new understanding of collective behavior. They no longer can control their unconscious instincts and become violent and even savage. When individuals are by themselves, he wrote, they act rationally, but when they are in a crowd, they come under its almost hypnotic influence and act irrationally and emotionally. Le Bon’s book and its contagion theory reflected these intellectuals’ beliefs. They viewed it as irrational behavior, and they thought that the people taking part in it were being unduly swayed by strong emotions and the influence of other people in the mobs. ![]() Intellectuals, who tended to live in relatively wealthy circumstances, were very disturbed by this violence. ![]() Mob violence by the poor was common in the century in cities in Europe and the United States. Like many other intellectuals of his time, Le Bon was concerned about the breakdown of social order that was said to have begun with the French Revolution a century earlier and to have continued throughout the 19th century. Contagion theory was developed by French scholar Gustave Le Bon (1841–1931) in his influential 1895 book, The Crowd: A Study of the Popular Mind (Le Bon, 1895/1960). ![]() |
Details
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |